<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Goss, Erica M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Larsen, Meg</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vercauteren, Annelies</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Werres, Sabine</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heungens, Kurt</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grünwald, Niklaus J.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytophthora ramorum in Canada: Evidence for Migration Within North America and from Europe</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytopathology</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytopathology®</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jan-01-2011</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/10.1094/PHYTO-05-10-0133</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">101</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">166 - 171</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Phytophthora ramorum, the cause of sudden oak death on oak and ramorum blight on woody ornamentals, has been reported in ornamental nurseries on the West Coast of North America from British Columbia to California. Long-distance migration of P. ramorum has occurred via the nursery trade, and shipments of host plants are known to have crossed the U.S.-Canadian border. We investigated the genotypic diversity of P. ramorum in Canadian nurseries and compared the Canadian population with U.S. and European nursery isolates for evidence of migration among populations. All three of the P. ramorum clonal lineages were found in Canada but, unexpectedly, the most common was the NA2 lineage. The NA1 clonal lineage, which has been the most common lineage in U.S. nurseries, was found relatively infrequently in Canada, and these isolates may have been the result of migration from the United States to Canada. The EU1 lineage was observed almost every year and shared multilocus genotypes with isolates from Europe and the United States. Estimation of migration rates between Europe and North America indicated that migration was higher from Europe to North America than vice versa, and that unidirectional migration from Europe to North America was more likely than bidirectional migration.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Goss, Erica M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Larsen, Meg</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chastagner, Gary A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Givens, Donald R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grünwald, Niklaus J.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Population genetic analysis infers migration pathways of Phytophthora ramorum in US nurseries</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PLoS Pathog</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">09</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://dx.doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.ppat.1000583</style></url></web-urls></urls><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></number><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Public Library of Science</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">e1000583</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Author Summary&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sudden oak death, caused by the fungus-like pathogen &lt;em&gt;Phytophthora ramorum&lt;/em&gt;, has caused devastating levels of mortality of live oak and tanoak trees in coastal California forests and in urban and suburban landscapes in the San Francisco Bay Area. This pathogen also causes non-lethal disease on popular ornamental plants, including rhododendrons, viburnums, and camellias. &lt;em&gt;P. ramorum&lt;/em&gt; was discovered in California in the late 1990s and is exotic to the United States. Recently, presence of the disease in wholesale nurseries in California, Oregon, and Washington has led to shipments of diseased plants across the US, thus risking the introduction of the pathogen to other vulnerable forests. We examined the genetic diversity of this pathogen in US nurseries in order to better understand its evolution in nurseries and movement between states. We found that California populations were genetically different enough from Oregon and Washington populations that infestations of the pathogen found in nurseries in other states could be distinguished as having originated from California or the Northwest. Our inferences were consistent with trace forward investigations by regulatory agencies.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Goss, Erica M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Larsen, Meg</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vercauteren, Annelies</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Werres, Sabine</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heungens, Kurt</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grünwald, Niklaus J.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytophthora ramorum in Canada: evidence for migration within North America and from Europe</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytopathology</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/abs/10.1094/PHYTO-05-10-0133</style></url></web-urls></urls><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">101</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">166-171</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record></records></xml>