<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A.M. Vettraino</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Belisario, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maccaroni, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A. Vannini</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evaluation of root damage to English walnut caused by five Phytophthora species</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Pathology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English walnut</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Juglans regia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pathogenicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">soilborne pathogens</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">walnut decline</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3059.2003.00864.x</style></url></web-urls></urls><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></number><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blackwell Science Ltd</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">52</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">491–495</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The pathogenicity of five species of &lt;em&gt;Phytophthora&lt;/em&gt; to English walnut was studied in a greenhouse experiment. &lt;em&gt;Phytophthora cinnamomi&lt;/em&gt; was the most aggressive species, causing severe root rot and seedling mortality. The other species tested, &lt;em&gt;P. cambivora&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;P. citricola&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;P. cactorum&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;P. cryptogea&lt;/em&gt;, did not induce visible crown symptoms on seedlings 2 months after inoculation. Some strains of &lt;em&gt;P. cambivora&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;P. cactorum&lt;/em&gt; also caused taproot damage to seedlings. All except one of the tested isolates caused significant necrosis of fine roots and a significant reduction of root weight compared with noninoculated seedlings. Reduction of above-ground plant development was not statistically significant. While &lt;em&gt;P. cinnamomi&lt;/em&gt; is well known as an aggressive primary pathogen of English walnut, the other species of &lt;em&gt;Phytophthora&lt;/em&gt; may act as predisposing factors to walnut decline, affecting root system development and increasing host vulnerability to environmental stress.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record></records></xml>