<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trzewik, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Orlikowska, T.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Detection and identification of Phytophthora alni.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Communications in agricultural and applied biological sciences</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">75</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">655</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;In 2004 Brasier et al. described new species–&lt;em&gt;Phytophthora alni&lt;/em&gt;, which was especially aeggressive to alder. Now, this &lt;em&gt;Phytophthora&lt;/em&gt; disease of alder is widely distributed in Europe as well as in Poland. In this research note we report on identification and detection of &lt;em&gt;P. alni&lt;/em&gt; from water and soil samples using PCR method with species-specific primers. Dilution series of &lt;em&gt;P. alni&lt;/em&gt; zoospore were used to test the potential sensitivity of the PCR detection methods. Zoospores of &lt;em&gt;P. alni&lt;/em&gt; were produced by flooding of 1-week-old Frozen Pea Medium (FPM) cultures in Petri dishes with 30 ml distilled water. The dishes were incubated at 20 degrees C. After 5 days, sporangial production was checked using a binocular microscope and plates were placed at 4 degrees C for 1 h to enhance zoospore release. Zoospores were counted under the microscope using Burker’s cabin. A dilution series of zoospores ranging from 5 to 5000 per 200 microl was prepared in autoclaved distilled water and in 1 g samples of autoclaved soil. DNA was extracted from artificially infected water and soil, and purified using the CleanUp Kit (A&amp;amp;A Biotechnology). Zoospores of &lt;em&gt;P. alni&lt;/em&gt; in the water were detected by PCR in 5 x 10(3), 5 x 10(2), 5 x 10(1) concentrations. In case of detecting spores in the artificially infected soil it succeeded only for two highest concentrations, i.e. 5 x 10(3), 5 x 10(2) and only when the DNA was additionally purified.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record></records></xml>