<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Noble, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blackburn, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thorp, G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dobrovin-Pennington, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pietravalle, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kerins, G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Allnutt, T. R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Henry, C. M.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Potential for eradication of the exotic plant pathogens Phytophthora kernoviae and Phytophthora ramorum during composting</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Pathology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytophthora pseudosyringae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rhododendron ponticum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">temperature</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vaccinium myrtillus</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.2011.02476.x</style></url></web-urls></urls><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></number><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blackwell Publishing Ltd</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">60</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1077–1085</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Temperature and exposure time effects on &lt;em&gt;Phytophthora kernoviae&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Phytophthora ramorum&lt;/em&gt; viability were examined in flasks of compost and in a large-scale composting system containing plant waste. Cellophane, rhododendron leaf and peat-based inoculum of &lt;em&gt;P. kernoviae&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;P. ramorum&lt;/em&gt; isolates were used in flasks; naturally infected leaves were inserted into a large-scale system. Exposures of 5 and 10 days respectively at a mean temperature of 35°C in flask and large-scale composts reduced &lt;em&gt;P. kernoviae&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;P. ramorum&lt;/em&gt; inocula to below detection limits using semi-selective culturing. Although &lt;em&gt;P. ramorum&lt;/em&gt; was undetectable after a 1-day exposure of inoculum to compost at 40°C in flasks, it survived on leaves exposed to a mean temperature of 40·9°C for 5 days in a large-scale composting system. No survival of &lt;em&gt;P. ramorum&lt;/em&gt; was detected after exposure of infected leaves for 5 days to a mean temperature of &amp;gt;=41·9°C (32·8°C for &lt;em&gt;P. kernoviae&lt;/em&gt;) or for 10 days at &amp;gt;=31·8°C (25·9°C for &lt;em&gt;Phytophthora pseudosyringae&lt;/em&gt; on infected bilberry stems) in large-scale systems. Fitted survival probabilities of &lt;em&gt;P. ramorum&lt;/em&gt; on infected leaves exposed in a large-scale system for 5 days at 45°C or for 10 days at 35°C were &amp;lt;3%, for an average initial infection level of leaves of 59·2%. RNA quantification to measure viability was shown to be unreliable in environments that favour RNA preservation: high levels of ITS1 RNA were recovered from &lt;em&gt;P. kernoviae&lt;/em&gt;- and &lt;em&gt;P. ramorum&lt;/em&gt;-infected leaves exposed to composting plant wastes at &amp;gt;53°C, when all culture results were negative.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record></records></xml>