02115nas a2200193 4500008004100000245007200041210006900113260001300182300001200195490000700207520156400214100001501778700001601793700001901809700001501828700001901843700001601862856004301878 2015 eng d00aAction of fosetyl-al and metalaxyl against Phytophthora austrocedri0 aAction of fosetylal and metalaxyl against Phytophthora austroced cJan 2016 a54–660 v463 a

Fosetyl-Al and metalaxyl, the most commonly used systemic fungicides against Phytophthora, were evaluated for their efficacy to control Phytophthora austrocedri, the pathogen that causes a serious disease at the Austrocedrus chilensis forests in Patagonia. The effect of the chemicals on pathogen development in vitro and in planta was analysed. Both chemicals were shown to protect plants from the pathogen. In vitro assays showed that asexual reproduction was sensitive to both chemicals. However, mycelial growth and sexual reproduction, which were clearly sensitive to metalaxyl, were sensitive only to high concentrations of fosetyl-Al. Fosetyl-Al and metalaxyl had almost the same efficacy when applied preventively by soil drench to seedlings. This difference between in vitro and in planta results can be attributed to the dual action of fosetyl-Al, not only inhibiting the pathogen but also stimulating host defence. In adult trees, preventive and curative treatments were tested, but only the fosetyl-Al preventive treatment was effective in the assayed conditions. Interestingly, seedlings pretreated with both fungicides were less susceptible to the effectors secreted by the pathogen. Our results indicate that fosetyl-Al and metalaxyl provide some resistance to the plant besides the fungistatic direct action on the pathogen. Further studies to elucidate a possible resistance-inducing activity of these chemicals and the mechanisms involved are underway.

1 aSilva, P V1 aVélez, M L1 aOtaño, D., H.1 aNuñez, C.1 aGreslebin, A G1 aOsswald, W. uhttp://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/efp.12216