@article {4519, title = {Gomose da ac{\'a}cia-negra: etiologia, an{\'a}lise temporal, perdas e controle gen{\'e}tico.}, journal = {Boletim de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento, Embrapa Florestas, Minist{\'e}rio da Agricultura}, volume = {31}, year = {2007}, pages = {28 p.}, abstract = {

Gummosis is one of the most serious phytosanitary problems of black wattle (Acacia mearnsii) in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The objectives of this work were: 1) to identify the species of Phytophthora associated with gummosis; 2) to analyze the temporal distribution of the gummosis; 3) to quantify losses caused by this disease; and 4) to rank black wattle lines based on resistance to gummosis. The major results were: Phytophthora nicotianae and P. boehmeriae are the causal agent of gummosis on black-wattle in Brazil. This disease was found in all the surveyed black-wattle plantations and the species P. nicotianae was the major species found in the samples, suggesting that this is the main species causing this disease in Brazil. It was found two kinds of symptoms: 1) gummosis at the base of the trunks, associated to P. nicotianae; e 2) gummosis spread on the trunk, associated to P. boehmeriae. Plants killed by gummosis or other causes showed exponential growth, and started to die after 34 months. Plants showing gummosis had losses ranging from 3,5 to 0,5\% for bark and timber production, respectively. Both, natural and artificial inoculations assays showed variation on the resistance of plants to gummosis.

A gomose {\'e} um dos mais s{\'e}rios problemas fitossanit{\'a}rios da ac{\'a}cia-negra (Acacia mearnsii) no Rio Grande do Sul. Este trabalho teve como objetivos: 1) identificar a(s) esp{\'e}cie(s) de Phytophthora associada(s) {\`a} gomose; 2) analisar a distribui{\c c}{\~a}o temporal da gomose; 3) quantificar as perdas causadas pela doen{\c c}a; e 4) agrupar os materiais gen{\'e}ticos de ac{\'a}cia-negra de acordo com o n{\'\i}vel de resist{\^e}ncia {\`a} gomose. Os principais resultados foram: Phytophthora nicotianae e P.boehmeriae s{\~a}o os agentes causais da gomose da ac{\'a}cia-negra no Brasil. A gomose de Phytophthora foi encontrada em todos os plantios de ac{\'a}cia-negra e, no levantamento, evidenciou-se a predomin{\^a}ncia de P. nicotianae, mostrando que este pat{\'o}geno {\'e} o principal agente da gomose da ac{\'a}cia-negra no Brasil. As avalia{\c c}{\~o}es em plantios comerciais em idade de corte apresentaram at{\'e} 48 \% de indiv{\'\i}duos atacados. Tanto plantas mortas por outras causas quanto plantas mortas por gomose cresceram exponencialmente, e as mortes come{\c c}aram a partir do 34{\textordmasculine} m{\^e}s. Os dados mostraram perdas de produ{\c c}{\~a}o de at{\'e} 3,5 \% para casca e at{\'e} 0,5 \% para madeira nas {\'a}rvores com gomose. Tanto por infec{\c c}{\~a}o natural quanto por inocula{\c c}{\~a}o artificial, ocorreram varia{\c c}{\~o}es entre as proced{\^e}ncias quanto a resist{\^e}ncia {\`a} gomose.

}, issn = { 1980-041X}, url = {http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/bitstream/doc/312305/1/BPD31CD.pdf}, author = {Santos, A. F. dos and Luz, E.D.M.N. and Maffia, L.A. and Souza, J.T.} } @article {4504, title = {A gomose da ac{\'a}cia-negra no Brasil: a review}, journal = {Summa Phytopathologica}, volume = {33}, year = {2007}, month = {Jan-01-2007}, pages = {113 - 118}, abstract = {

A ac{\'a}cia-negra (Acacia mearnsii) {\'e} cultivada no Brasil, especialmente no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, visando tanto {\`a} produ{\c c}{\~a}o de tanino, a partir da casca, quanto o uso da madeira para papel, celulose, carv{\~a}o, lenha e chapas de aglomerados. A gomose causada por Phytophthora nicotianae e P. boehmeriae, {\'e} o seu principal problema fitossanit{\'a}rio. Discute-se nesta revis{\~a}o a exist{\^e}ncia de dois padr{\~o}es distintos de sintomatologia da gomose de Phytophthora que t{\^e}m sido observados nas planta{\c c}{\~o}es brasileiras: gomose basal, associada a P. nicotianae, e gomose generalizada, mais associada a P. boehmeriae. S{\~a}o discutidos aspectos relacionados {\`a} etiologia, {\`a} epidemiologia e {\`a}s estrat{\'e}gias de controle.

The black wattle (Acacia mearnsii ) is cultivated in Brazil for bark tannin, paper, cellulose, plywood, charcoal and firewood production. Gummosis of Phytophthora, caused by P. nicotianae and P. boehmeriae is the main disease problem on black wattle. The existence of two distinct symptom patterns observed on plants in the commercial fields are: butt gummosis which is associated with P. nicotianae and general gummosis more related to P. boehmeriae. Etiological, epidemiological and control aspects of this disease are presented and discussed on this review.

}, issn = {0100-5405}, doi = {10.1590/S0100-54052007000200002}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-54052007000200002 }, author = {Santos, A. F. dos and Luz, E. D. M. N.} }