@article {PPA:PPA140, title = {Evidence for Phytophthora cinnamomi involvement in Iberian oak decline}, journal = {Plant Pathology}, volume = {42}, number = {1}, year = {1993}, pages = {140{\textendash}145}, publisher = {Blackwell Publishing Ltd}, abstract = {

Rapid and sometimes extensive mortality and decline of oak, principally Quercus suber and Q. ilex, has occurred in parts of southern Spain and Portugal in recent decades. We report here isolation of the aggressive root pathogen Phytophthora cinnamomi from roots of diseased oaks or from soil at eleven out of thirteen decline foci examined. It is proposed that the introduction and spread of P. cinnamomi may be a major factor in the Iberian oak decline, interacting with drought and other site factors, and leading to stress-related attacks by insects and other fungi. By analogy, it may also be involved in the similar oak declines occurring elsewhere on the Mediterranean.

}, issn = {1365-3059}, doi = {10.1111/j.1365-3059.1993.tb01482.x}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1993.tb01482.x}, author = {C.M. Brasier and Robredo, F. and Ferraz, J. F. P.} } @article { refId, title = {Phytophthora cinnamomi and oak decline in southern Europe. Environmental constraints including climate change}, journal = {Ann. For. Sci.}, volume = {53}, year = {1996}, pages = {347-358}, doi = {10.1051/forest:19960217}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/forest:19960217}, author = {C.M. Brasier} } @article {4135, title = {Taxonomy of Phytophthora palmivora on cocoa}, journal = {Transactions of the British Mycological Society}, volume = {72}, year = {1979}, month = {2/1979}, pages = {111 - 143}, abstract = {

Morphological and physiological studies-chromosome type, colony morphology and growth rate on carrot agar, cocoa pod lesion characteristics, morphology and size of sporangia, sporangial pedicels, chlamydospores and sex organs, compatibility type, growth on a synthetic medium, response to Trichoderma, and temperature relations-were made with c. 950 Phytophthora isolates from cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) attributed to P. palmivora (Butl.) Butl. The survey covered isolates from all the major cocoa growing areas of the world, and included isolates studied by C. H. Gadd and S. F. Ashby in the 1920s.

The majority of the isolates could be assigned to one of three distinct forms, termed S, L and MF4. The S-type is attributed here to P. palmivora, which is redefined. Both L and MF4 are considered to be distinct species of Phytophthora. The L-type could not be identified with any known species and is described here as P. megakarya sp.nov. P. palmivora occurred world-wide on cocoa, whereas P. megakarya was obtained only from West Africa and MF4 only from Central and South America and the West Indies.

Isolates attributed to P. palmivora from other hosts were also examined. Some isolates from rubber, coconut and durian were P. palmivora (S-type). Isolates from pepper comprised a group closely resembling MF4. Isolates from coconut and rubber originally attributed to P. palmivora by S. F. Ashby, C. H. Gadd and E. M. Blackwell comprised a further group, and were also attributed here to P. palmivora, yet were somewhat different morphologically from the S-type on cocoa. It is not clear which of these two types is authentic P. palmivora.

The significance of these results, and the value of the various diagnostic criteria used, is discussed.

}, issn = {00071536}, doi = {10.1016/S0007-1536(79)80015-7}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0007153679800157}, author = {C.M. Brasier and Griffin, M.J.} } @article {1439572819951201, title = {An unusual Phytophthora associated with widespread alder mortality in Britain}, journal = {Plant Pathology}, volume = {44}, number = {6}, year = {1995}, pages = {999 - 1007}, abstract = {

During 1993 and 1994 an unusual Phytophthora was consistently isolated from bark lesions at the stem bases of dying alder in Southern Britain. The Phytophthora resembles P. cambivora in both its gametangial and sporangial morphology. However, it is distinct from this species in being homothallic rather than outcrossing; in producing a significant proportion of small and sometimes partially developed oogonia; in having a high frequency of oosphere abortion; in having an appressed felty colony type with little or no aerial mycelium; and in exhibiting a lower optimum temperature for growth (c.22.5{\textdegree}C) and lower growth temperature maximum (c.29{\textdegree}C) on carrot agar than P. cambivora (c.27.5{\textdegree} and 33.5{\textdegree}C respectively). An inoculation test confirmed its pathogenicity to Alnus. The status of the alder Phytophthora is discussed. On the basis of its unusual characteristics and unusual host it is suggested that it might be a new or recently introduced organism rather than a previously unrecorded indigenous variant of P. cambivora.

}, keywords = {AGRICULTURAL pests, ALDER, ALDER {\textendash} Diseases \& pests, GREAT Britain, Phytophthora, PLANT diseases}, issn = {00320862}, doi = {doi/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1995.tb02658.x}, url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1995.tb02658.x/abstract}, author = {C.M. Brasier and Rose, J. and Gibbs, J. N.} } @article {brasier_phytophthora_2010, title = {Phytophthora lateralis discovered in an old growth Chamaecyparis forest in Taiwan.}, journal = {Plant pathology}, volume = {59}, number = {4}, year = {2010}, pages = {595{\textendash}603}, keywords = {phylogeny}, issn = {00320862}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.2010.02278.x}, author = {C.M. Brasier and A. Vannini and T.T. Chang and A.M. Vettraino} } @article {Brasier19931287, title = {Cultural characters, protein patterns and unusual mating behaviour of Phytophthora gonapodyides isolates from Britain and North America}, journal = {Mycological Research}, volume = {97}, number = {11}, year = {1993}, pages = {1287 - 1298}, issn = {0953-7562}, doi = {DOI: 10.1016/S0953-7562(09)80160-3}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B7XMR-4VXMWBV-2/2/79f23cf89ac836528cb576d2f46f81b3}, author = {C.M. Brasier and P.B. Hamm and Hansen, E.M.} } @article {brasier2006recent, title = {Recent developments in Phytophthora diseases of trees and natural ecosystems in Europe}, journal = {Progress in Research on Phytophthora Diseases of Forest Trees. Proceedings, 3rd Int. IUFRO Working Party}, volume = {7}, number = {09}, year = {2006}, pages = {11{\textendash}17}, author = {C.M. Brasier and T. Jung} } @article {594531620010401, title = {Comparative aggressiveness of standard and variant hybrid alder phytophthoras, Phytophthora cambivora and other phytophthora species on bark of alnus, Quercus and other woody hosts.}, journal = {Plant Pathology}, volume = {50}, number = {2}, year = {2001}, pages = {218}, abstract = {

Analyzes results of pathogenicity tests on the bark of Alnus glutinosa with standard and variant hybrid alder phytophthoras. Aggressiveness on living alder logs; Levels of pathogenicity; Rates of lesion development.

}, keywords = {Alnus glutinosa, Disease, pest resistance, Phytophthora, plants}, issn = {00320862}, doi = {10.1046/j.1365-3059.2001.00553.x}, url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com.proxy.library.oregonstate.edu/doi/10.1046/j.1365-3059.2001.00553.x/abstract}, author = {C.M. Brasier and Kirk, S.A.} } @proceedings {brasier1999role, title = {The role of Phytophthora pathogens in forests and semi-natural communities in Europe and Africa}, year = {1999}, month = {2000}, pages = {6{\textendash}13}, publisher = {International Union of Forestry Research Organizations Working Party 7.02.09.}, address = {Forest Research Laboratory, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR}, author = {C.M. Brasier}, editor = {Hansen, E.M. and Sutton, W.} } @article {268, title = {Oak mortality in Iberia}, journal = {Nature}, volume = {360}, year = {1992}, pages = {539-539}, issn = {0028-0836}, doi = {doi:10.1038/360539a0}, url = {http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v360/n6404/abs/360539a0.html}, author = {C.M. Brasier} } @article {1261, title = {Natural stem infection of Lawson cypress (Chamaecyparis lawsoniana) caused by Phytophthora ramorum}, journal = {New Disease Reports}, volume = {25}, year = {2012}, pages = {26}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.5197/j.2044-0588.2012.025.026}, author = {C.M. Brasier and Webber, JF} } @article {PPA:PPA1886, title = {The biosecurity threat to the UK and global environment from international trade in plants}, journal = {Plant Pathology}, volume = {57}, number = {5}, year = {2008}, pages = {792{\textendash}808}, publisher = {Blackwell Publishing Ltd}, abstract = {Native plant communities, woodlands and landscapes in the UK and across the world are suffering from pathogens introduced by human activities. Many of these pathogens arrive on or with living plants. The potential for damage in the future may be large, but current international regulations aimed at reducing the risks take insufficient account of scientific evidence and, in practice, are often highly inadequate. In this Letter I outline the problems and discuss some possible approaches to reducing the threats.}, keywords = {biosecurity, forests, invasive pathogens, natural ecosystems, PLANT diseases, plant health}, issn = {1365-3059}, doi = {10.1111/j.1365-3059.2008.01886.x}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.2008.01886.x}, author = {C.M. Brasier} } @article {Brasier11051999, title = {Origin of a new Phytophthora pathogen through interspecific hybridization}, journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America}, volume = {96}, number = {10}, year = {1999}, pages = {5878-5883}, abstract = {Plant disease epidemics resulting from introductions of exotic fungal plant pathogens are a well known phenomenon. An associated risk that accelerated pathogen evolution may be occurring as a consequence of genetic exchange between introduced, or introduced and resident, fungal pathogens is largely unrecognized. This is, in part, because examples of natural, interspecific hybridization in fungi are very rare. Potential evolutionary developments range from the acquisition of new host specificities to emergence of entirely new pathogen taxa. We present evidence from cytological behavior, additive nucleotide bases in repetitive internal transcribed spacer regions of the rRNA-encoding DNA (rDNA), and amplified fragment length polymorphisms of total DNA that a new, aggressive Phytophthora pathogen of alder trees in Europe comprises a range of heteroploid-interspecific hybrids involving a Phytophthora cambivora-like species and an unknown taxon similar to Phytophthora fragariae. The hybrids marked developmental instabilities, unusual morphological variability, and evidence for recombination in their internal transcribed spacer profiles indicates that they are of recent origin and that their evolution is continuing. The likelihood of such evolutionary events may be increasing as world trade in plants intensifies. However, routine diagnostic procedures currently in use are insufficiently sensitive to allow their detection.}, doi = {doi: 10.1073/pnas.96.10.5878}, url = {http://www.pnas.org/content/96/10/5878.abstract}, author = {C.M. Brasier and Cooke, D. E. L. and Duncan, J. M.} } @conference {brasier2002pathogenicity, title = {Pathogenicity of Phytophthora ramorum isolates from North America and Europe to bark of European Fagaceae, American Quercus rubra and other forest trees}, booktitle = {Sudden oak death, a science symposium - the state of our knowledge, USDA Forest Service and University of California, Berkeley.}, year = {2002}, pages = {30{\textendash}31}, author = {C.M. Brasier and Rose, J. and Kirk, S.A. and Webber, JF} }